Potatoes can seem mysterious and confusing as there are so many varieties available and its hard to know what to choose. For all practical purposes, there are three types of potatoes - baking, boiling and general purpose potatoes. The major difference between the various types of potatoes that governs their use is amount and type of starch each contains:
- Baking potatoes are rich in starch and floury, and the type of starch called amylose starch.
- Boiling potatoes are poor in starch, and the starch present is amylopectin. This pectin starch helps the potato hold their shape when boiled.
Baking potatoes - tend to have an elongated shape and often have a coarse skin with a cork-like texture. Because of their high starch content they turn light, floury and fluffy when cooked. They are ideal for mashing,baking and French fries. When baked they are light and fluffy, mashed they are light and creamy and are they are ideal for frying as chips, fries and potato wedges. Some of the varieties of baking potatoes are Idaho, Long White (or California Long White or White Rose), Norkotah, Goldrush, Norgold Russet, Russet Arcadia and Russet Burbank.
Boiling potatoes - These are often referred to as 'waxy' potatoes. They can be round or oval shape and generally have thin, smooth skins when washed. They are very moist and waxy when cut, sometimes sweet, but are low in starch. These potatoes are perfect for casseroles, potato salad, soups, roasting, boiling, steaming and barbecuing because they retain their shape in water or liquid mixtures. They can be mashed but they tend to be thick and lumpy rather than smooth and creamy like the baking potatoes. Varieties include: Australian Crescent, Ruby Crescent, Yellow Finnish, Red Bliss, Red Nordland, Red Pontiac, Red La Rouge, La Soda, Salad Potato, Red Potato, Yellow Potato, Round Red and Round White.


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