The Power of Yellow: Four Yellow Flowered Plants Alluring to Hummingbirds

Ribes aureum has the common names of golden currant and golden flowering currant.

Golden currant is a New World flowering shrub that comprises the only genus, Ribes, in the gooseberry family, Grossulariaceae.

Ribes aureum enjoys a wide range in North America:

• in Canada from the Pacific Ocean province of British Columbia eastward into Alberta, Saskatchewan, Ontario, and Quebec);
• in the United States from the west coast eastward to the east coast; excluded from Ribes aureum's native distribution are Washington, D.C., and 16 states: three New England states (Maine, New Hampshire, Rhode Island), one Mid-Atlantic state (Delaware), ten southern states (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia), and two Pacific states (Alaska, Hawaii);
• in northern Mexico.

Golden currant welcomes full sun.

The U.S. Department of Agriculture classifies the fully hardy shrub as hardy for Zone 2 (winter minimum temperature range: -50° to -40° Fahrenheit; -46° to -40° Celsius) to Zone 9 (20° to 30° F.; -7° to -1° C.).

Ribes aureum grows to a maximum height of 6 feet (1.8 meters) and spreads maximally to an equiproportionate width of 6 feet (1.8 meters).

Rufous hummingbirds (Selasphorus rufus) number among hummers enchanted with golden currant's nectar.

Mahonia nevinii is known by the common name of Nevin's barberry.

A flowering shrub in the barberry family, Berberidaceae, Nevin's barberry (Mahonia nevinii) is endemic to southern California.

Nevin's barberry enjoys full sun. The U.S. Department of Agriculture classifies the frost-hardy shrub as hardy for Zone 8 (10° to 20° F.; -12° to -7° C.) to Zone 10 (30° to 40° F.; -1° to 4° C.).

Mahonia nevinii reaches a maximum height of 8 feet (2.4 meters) and spreads to a maximum of 6 feet (1.8 meters).

Sunnily light yellow flowers open in racemes (floral clusters on short stalks termed pedicels) as cup shapes. Blue-green leaves flare out as narrow, pointed leaflets, with each side spiked with six spine-tipped teeth. Leaflet undersides are whitened.

Listed as a federally and state endangered species, Nevin's barberry fortunately lends itself to easy cultivation in gardens and parks where its drought tolerance are prized. Also, the spine-tipped teeth spiking Mahonia nevinii's leaflets encourage the golden-flowered shrub's use as barrier hedges.

Hummers nectaring at Nevin's barberry include Anna's Hummingbird (Calypte anna).

Tecoma stans is known commonly as yellow trumpetbush. Other common names include:

• ginger-thomas,
• yellow bells, and
• yellow elder.

The New World flowering shrub in the trumpet vine family, Bignoniaceae, has a large native distribution, ranging from Arizona and New Mexico in southwestern United States, Texas in south-central U.S., and Florida in southeastern U.S., southward across Mexico and six Central  American countries (Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama) and into South America (Bolivia, Colombia, all the way to northern Argentina. Yellow trumpetbush also claims nativity in the Bahamas and in the Caribbean.

Yellow trumpetbush thrives in full sun. The U.S. Department of Agriculture classifies Tecoma stans as hardy for Zone 10 (minimum winter temperatures: 30° to 40° Fahrenheit; -1° to 4° Celsius) through Zone 12 (50° to 60° F.; 10° to 16° C.).

Long-blooming yellow trumpetbush attains a maximum height of 15 to 30 feet (4.5 - 9 meters) and a maximum spread of 10 feet (3 meters).

Green brightness of lance-shaped, toothed leaflets contrasts dramatically with yellow goldenness of funnel-shaped flowers blooming as racemes (floral clusters on short stalks termed pedicels) or as panicles, i.e., compound racemes.

Yellow trumpetbush produces nectar framed in glowing yellow flowers that is completely irresistible to nectar lovers, especially black-chinned hummingbirds (Archilochus alexandri).  

Now a rare species in the lily family, Liliaceae, lemon lily (Lilium parryi) is known also as Parry's lilly.

As a New World native, lemon lily has homelands two states in southwestern United States:

• in southeastern Arizona's Huachuca, Chiricahua, and Santa Rita Mountains;
• in southern California's San Gabriel and San Bernardino Mountains as well as, sparsely, in northern San Diego County's Palomar Mountain.

Rare sightings occur in mountainous areas of Mexico's northwestern state of Sonora.

Fragrant richly yellow flowers unfurl in showy trumpet shapes as a graceful raceme with leaves encircling the stem's base in whorls. A single plant may produce over 30 flowers. Red anthers dramatically tip six stamens.

Anna's hummingbirds (Calypte anna), the most common hummingbird in southern California, number among hummingbirds drawn to lemon lily's nectar.

Anna's hummingbirds affirm their appreciation of the color yellow in southern California by also visiting Nevin's barberry (Mahonia nevinii), another floral native of the Golden State.

It is gratifying for gardeners to realize that attracting hummingbirds to back yard and container gardens does not demand a monochromatic color scheme of an over-abundance of red. Seeing red may be enjoyable, but variety in the floral palette creates a most interesting visual landscape.

Hummingbirds assess floral environments not only for significant coloration but also, more importantly, for meaningful shapes guaranteeing easy access to nectar via hummers' bills. With floral shape asserting paramountcy over coloration, hummingbirds necessarily include colors other than red in their search for nectar.

Four yellow-flowered plants serve as satisfying nectar sources for hummingbirds:

• Golden currant (Ribes aureum),
• Nevin's barberry (Mahonia nevinii),
• Yellow trumpetbush (Tecoma stans), and
• Lemon lily (Lilium parryi).

Three constitute shrubs while the fourth, Lilium parryi, is a lily. As they unite hummers with humans in garden landscapes, all contribute golden gloriousness to their environments.

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

golden currant
Moscow region, west central Russia: Bff, CC BY SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ribes_aureum20120505_03.jpg

male Rufous Hummingbird (Selasphorus rufus) hovering
Saltspring Island, Strait of Georgia, British Columbia, southwestern Canada: Ryan Bushby(HighInBC), CC BY 2.5, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Selasphorus_rufus_on_Saltspring_Island.jpg

Selasphorus rufous map: Cephas, CC BY SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitxategi:Selasphorus_rufus_map.svg

Nevin's barberry (Mahonia nevinii)
Regional Parks Botanic Garden, Berkeley, Alameda County, San Francisco Bay Area, northwestern California: Stan Shebs, CC BY SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Berberis_nevinii_5.jpg

male Anna's Hummingbird (Calypte Anna)
Palo Alto, Santa Clara County, San Francisco Bay Area, northwestern California: Norvig, CC BY SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AnnasHummingbirdPaloAltoNorvig.jpg

Calypte anna map: Cephas, CC BY SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Calypte_anna_map.svg

yellow trumpetbush (Tecoma stans)
Tecoma stans. Yellow bell (N̂g-cheng-hoe; 黃鐘花), in Taiwan: Albert, CC BY SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tecoma_stans_ng-cheng-hoe_001.jpg

male black-chinned hummingbird (Archilochus alexandri)
Madera Canyon, northwestern Santa Rita Mountains, southeastern Arizona: gailhampshire, CC BY 2.0, via Flickr @ https://www.flickr.com/photos/gails_pictures/9069306312

Archilochus alexandri map: Cephas, CC BY SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Archilochus_alexandri_map.svg

lemon lily (Lilium parryi)
Willow Creek Trail, San Jacinto, Riverside County, southwestern California: Jason Hollinger, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lilium_parryi_(1).jpg

male Anna's Hummingbird (Calypte anna)
iridescent green and scarlet coloring of Anna's Hummingbird: Brocken Inaglory, CC BY SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hummingbird_Calypte_anna_in_ggp_15n.jpg

golden current
Ribes aureum, in landscape, and closeup of flowers and foliage (insert): Ivengo(RUS) at Russian Wikipedia, Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ribes_aureum.jpg

Tecoma stans
Tenneti Park, Visakhapatnam, state of Andhra Pradesh, coastal southeastern India: N. Aditya Madhav (Adityamadhav83), CC BY SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:(Tecoma_stans)_yellow_bell_flowers_at_Tenneti_Park_02.JPG

Nevin's barberry
Regional Parks Botanic Garden, Berkeley, Alameda County, San Francisco Bay Area, northwestern California: Stan Shebs, CC BY SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Berberis_nevinii_1.jpg

lemon lily
San Gorgonio Wilderness, southwestern San Bernardino County, southeastern California: Mitch Barrie (simonov), CC BY SA 2.0, via Flickr @ https://www.flickr.com/photos/simonov/3736973632/

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