Modern statue honors Galen of Bergama (Pergamum), 2nd century CE Greek physician/philosopher/surgeon
Identifying plant remedies for his pharmaceutical formulations numbers among Galen's many contributions to contributions.
Bergama, İzmir Province, western Anatolian peninsula, western Turkey: Bernard Gagnon (Bgag), CC BY SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Statue_of_Galen_of_Pergamon.jpg
Atropa belladonna, known commonly as belladonna or deadly nightshade, is a dangerous plant with beneficial and toxic qualities.
Historically Italian women used belladonna berry juice cosmetically for pupil dilation, which was considered seductive but which also could cause vision problems or blindness via prolonged use. As atropine, belladonna is still used today in Ophthalmology.
eye examination; portions of retina as seen through undilated pupil and dilated pupil: National Eye Institute, U.S. Government works, via National Eye Institute media library @ https://medialibrary.nei.nih.gov/media/3718; (former URL @ National Eye Institute/National Institutes of Health, CC BY 2.0, via Flickr @ https://www.flickr.com/photos/nationaleyeinstitute/7544457396/)
Pretty comfrey (Symphylum spp.) is popular in folk medicine and as cultivated or wild plant; US FDA banned its consumption because of dangerous amounts of naturally occurring alkaloids (hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids) that may cause liver failure.
Famed remedies of common comfrey (Symphytum officinale) in European folk medicine accompanied the Old World's introduction into the New World.
Las Sołtysowicki (Sołtysowicki Forest), northeastern Wrocław, western Poland; Saturday, May 13, 2006, 13:10: Agnieszka Kwiecień (Nova), CC BY SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Symphytum_officinale_01.jpg
a plant with a dangerous beauty: berries, flowers, and foliage of deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna), also known as belladonna
deadly nightshade flowers in late July: Poland, central Europe: Joozwa, CC BY SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atropa_belladonna_flowers.JPG
San Pedro cactus (Echinopsis pachanoi) has been used in Andean Mountain regions for healing and religious divination for three millennia.
San Pedro cactus contains mescaline, naturally occurring alkaloid hallucinogen. Cultivation of San Pedro cactus in Australia, Canada, Germany, New Zealand, Norway, Sweden, and United States is legal as an ornamental but illegal for consumption.
driveway-lined San Pedro cacti; Freistaat Bayern (Free State of Bavaria), Luala‘ilua Hills, East Maui; Tuesday, March 20, 2007, 11:51: Forest & Kim Starr, CC BY 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Starr_070320-5796_Echinopsis_pachanoi.jpg
Comments
DerdriuMarrinerMar 2, 2019
WriterArtistMar 1, 2019
DerdriuMarrinerNov 13, 2018
katiem2Nov 9, 2018
DerdriuMarrinerSep 4, 2018
The Food & Drug Administration, not the United States Department of Agriculture, in 2001, not 2007, advised against external and internal use of comfrey, respectively on open wounds and because of cancer and liver damage.
I don't seem to be able to access the advisory even though I have the source information: FDA. 2001. FDA advises dietary supplement manfacturers to remove comfrey products from the market. USFDA, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition.
A 2005-released study -- Mutagenicity of comfrey (Symphytum Officinale) in rat liver, by N Mei, L. Guo, PP Fu, RH Heflich and T Chen -- in the British Journal of Cancer 92(5): 873-875 -- gives the FDA URL, which does not bring it up, at least for me.
The above-mentioned study likewise lists in its bibliography Rode, D. November 2002. Comfrey toxicity revisited. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 23(11): 497-499. The latter notes that "The conclusion that comfrey is not safe for internal use in humans is primarily based on studies in which high levels of purified PAs [pyrrolizidine alkaloids] were administered to rodents.Systematic toxicity testing or clinical trials have not been performed. Although PA poisoning in humans can occur, this is most commonly a consequence of consumption of plants other than comfrey." She suggests that "Clearly, the risk of hepatic damage during treatment with comfrey will be influenced by its source, the amount consumed, the duration of treatment, and the health and nutritional status of the patient." Rode states that low-protein diets facilitate the PA toxicity that high-protein diets minimize.
frankbeswickSep 1, 2018
DerdriuMarrinerSep 1, 2018
MiraSep 1, 2018
frankbeswickSep 1, 2018
DerdriuMarrinerAug 31, 2018
Elementary is considered an American series even though there is U.K. involvement, most noticeably with English actor Jonny Lee Miller as a Sherlock Holmes updated to 21st-century New York City. I like the way that it's so educationally entertaining, with episodes on animals, artwork, fossils and plants.
MiraAug 31, 2018
DerdriuMarrinerAug 30, 2018
The plant puzzles make great gifts, for others and -- ;-D -- to oneself.
I think of comfrey for organic fertilizer. In its herbal uses, which I don't use anyway, comfrey was initially a surprise but then I remembered the to-do about USDA warning about external and internal applications.
MiraAug 29, 2018
I like the idea of a puzzle for plants :)
DerdriuMarrinerApr 3, 2017
frankbeswickApr 3, 2017
DerdriuMarrinerApr 3, 2017
katiem2Mar 26, 2017
DerdriuMarrinerMar 25, 2016
sandyspiderMar 24, 2016
DerdriuMarrinerFeb 4, 2016
frankbeswickFeb 4, 2016
DerdriuMarrinerFeb 4, 2016
Otherwise, I haven't sought them out because I tend to think they taste and work best when taken with the drinks and foods they're used to being served with. So I've never thought of guaraná in terms of a stimulating drink on its own but as a Brazilian drink to be taken in tandem with Brazilian appetizers, foods, or snacks.
On long drives, I settle for discreetly flavored water, mineral water, or water since I like cold drinks cold and hot drinks hot, and water is wonderful water as long as it's not too cold or too hot.
What do you usually choose?
frankbeswickFeb 4, 2016
DerdriuMarrinerFeb 3, 2016
MiraJan 22, 2016
DerdriuMarrinerJan 12, 2016
frankbeswickJan 12, 2016
DerdriuMarrinerJan 12, 2016
Do you have any plans to provide New Year perspectives on plants and religion?
frankbeswickJan 7, 2016
DerdriuMarrinerJan 7, 2016
It's interesting that you mention coca leaf tea since that is a longstanding, widespread remedy throughout the Andes. Scientists are finding that the child mummy retrievals from the high Andes all implicate coca leaf to "smooth" the passage between a young life and an early sacrificial death.
The coca plant has many uses, far far beyond its original incorporation in Coca Cola.
frankbeswickJan 7, 2016
Here is some information on coca.My son was travelling in the Andes when he took ill with altitude sickness, which can be fatal. His companions got him to drink coca leaf tea, which cured the symptoms and possibly saved him from being seriously ill. The poison is the dose,for many substances are medicinal in the right doses.
DerdriuMarrinerJan 7, 2016
DerdriuMarrinerOct 22, 2015
AngelaJohnsonOct 22, 2015