Miombo Genets (Genetta angolensis) of Angola, Congo, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Common names are popular designations for animals and plants. For miombo genets, they bespeak origins in:

• English, with Angolan genet and miombo genet;
• French, with genette d’Angola and genette du miombo;
• Portuguese, with geneta de Angola and geneta do miombo;
• Spanish, with jineta de Angola and jineta de miombo.

They communicate three points.

• Genet comes from the Arabic word jarnait for a domesticable, fleet, intelligent wild animal.
• Angola includes Calcuimba -- modern-day Caconda, Huila province -- retrieval site of the first specimen-collecting by Lisbon-born explorer and naturalist José Alberto de Oliveira Anchieta (October 9, 1832 – September 14, 1897).
• Miombo is Swahili for Brachystegia trees, Fabaceae (bean, legume, pea) family members and favorite wildlife associations for Angolan genets.

Latin, scientific, and taxonomic names are the specialist’s designations for animals and plants. Scientists consider Genetta angolensis the current binomial (“two-name”) identification for Angolan miombo genets. They defer to the first-known European description -- in 1882 – by José Vicente Barbosa du Bocage (May 2, 1823 – November 3, 1907), as:

• Funchal, Madeira-born islander 1,200 miles (2,000 kilometers) off Morocco’s northwest African coastlines;
• University of Coimbra-trained physician, 1839 – 1846;
• Lisbon Polytechnic School zoology chair, 1851 – 1880, and Natural History Museum scientific director and zoology curator, 1858 - 1883;
• Taxonomic publisher regarding 200+ amphibians, birds, fishes, mammals, and reptiles, 1854-;
• Zoological Society of London foreign member-elect, 1863-;
• Sciences Academy of Lisbonvice president, 1875;
• Lisbon Geographic Society president, 1877 – 1883. 

Specialists still consult José Vicente’s 1862-published instructions on collecting and preparing zoological specimens. The expertise inherent in serving as pioneer taxidermist, taxonomist, and writer explains José Vicente’s skills at describing and identifying specimens for scientific peers and subsequent generations. For example, all Angolan miombo genets do not call Angola home, and not all Angola-residing genets get called Angolan miombo genets. Angolan specimens may be any of three genets:

• Angolan miombo;
• Common European small-spotted (Genetta genetta);
• Rusty-spotted panther (Genetta maculata).

The bio-geographies of Angolan and common European small-spotted genets overlap definitely in Angola and possibly in Tanzania and Zambia. Rusty-spotted panther genets share the Angolan miombo genet’s entire bio-geographical range in:

• Angola;
• Congo;
• Malawi;
• Mozambique;
• Tanzania;
• Zambia;
• Zimbabwe.

Angolan miombo genets are recognizable by:

• Alert, large, triangle-shaped ears;
• Big, dark-adapted, rounded, white-ringed eyes;
• Black-and-white upper lip;
• Black-furred, pointed muzzle;
• Black-striped forehead;
• Dark grey face;
• White chin;
• White-ringed mouth.

The dark to red-grey, densely-furred, sinewy body has:

• Black or grey-black soles, furry around all digital, plantar, and rear-metatarsal pads;
• Black spinal stripe involving 2-inch-long (5.08-centimeter) hair capable of standing upright and running from skull to tail base;
• Pale grey, usually unspotted undersides;
• Small dark spots forming 5 side-straddling rows, with the upper 2 each creating longitudinal striping and the lower 3 scattered down through all four short limbs.

The tail is long and thick, with:

• All-dark undersides;
• 8+ dark rings alternating with light bands;
• Usually pale-tipped.

Fossilized bones do not indicate how Angolan miombo genet coloring and patterning handle environmental factors and genetic modifications over time. They do indicate that dental and skeletal configurations generally mirror those of:

• The oldest known genet fossils from 2,558,000 – 5,332,000 years ago;

• The possible ancestor of all carnivores, the civet- and marten-like, plush-tailed, svelte-bodied miacids of 33,000,000 – 62,000,000 years ago.

Angolan miombo genets therefore exhibit:

• Archable spine;

• Delicate rib cage;

• Dentition (arrangement, kind, and number of teeth) of 12 incisors, 4 canines, 16 premolars, and 8 molars equally distributed between the lower and upper jaws;

• Elongated neck, skull, and tail;

• 5 digits per paw;

• 1 curved, retractable, sharp, short claw per digit;

• Reversible ankles.

The body colors and bone structures of Angolan miombo genets respectively are meant for clever camouflage and fast movements. Angolan miombo genets optimally blend form and function by:

• Traversing spaces whose entry and exit are no wider than the size of their heads;
• Welcoming life cycles and natural histories involving ample nocturnal exercise and healthy omnivorous diets.

They therefore display lean, sinewy bodies and muscled, slender limbs. For example, physical and sexual maturity involves as typical adult dimensions:

• Ear lengths: 1.85 – 2.28 inches (47 – 58 millimeters);
• Head-and-body lengths: 17.32 – 18.89 inches (44 – 48 centimeters);
• Paw lengths: 3.15 – 3.86 inches (80 – 98 millimeters);
• Tail lengths: 14.96 – 16.93 inches (38 – 43 centimeters);
• Weights: 2.87 – 4.41 pounds (1.3 – 2 kilograms).

It can be challenging to camera-trap and radio-telemeter Angolan miombo genet parents and singles within:

• Bio-geographies of 806,072.41 square miles (2,087,717.97 square kilometers);
• Climates of May-to-October super-dry seasons and November-to-April super-wet seasons;
• Weathers of 35.01-inch (889.31-millimeter) evapo-transpiration, 3.70-inch (94.05-millimeter) precipitation, and 70.95°F (21.64°C) temperature monthly levels.
• Wildlife associations of Brachystegia, Cryptosepalum, and Julbernardia deciduous woodlands, dry acacia savannas, kabamba-jike (Monopetalanthus richardsiae) evergreen rainforests, and succulent-sporting rocklands.

It can be charming to observe Angolan miombo genet self-defenses of:

• Handstand-released stink-bombing and territory-marking;
• Stand-up boxing;
• Super-acute hearing, reacting, seeing, smelling, tasting, and touching;
• Well-aimed hissing and spitting.

It can be nothing but chilling to uncover sustainability threats from:

• Fire-, spear-, trap-wielding hunters;
• Forest-felling, land-clearing, mineral-seeking agro-industrialists;
• Globally-warmed climate change.

My special thanks to talented artists and photographers/concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.

Distribution data from IUCN Red List: Chermundy/ IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, species assessors and the authors of the spatial data, CC BY SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Angolan_Genet_area.png

Serpa Pinto, Comment j'ai traversé l'Afrique (1881), p. 97: "l'intérieur de la demeure d'Anchieta": Not in copyright, via Internet Archive @ https://archive.org/details/commentjaitraver01serp/page/97/mode/1up

Balthazar Osorio, Memorias do Museu Bocage, 1º fascículo (1909), frontispiece: Public Domain, via Biodiversity Heritage Library @ https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14718951

"image of blotched genet," Shimba Hills National Reserve, southeastern Kenya: Simon J. Tonge, CC BY 3.0, via Encyclopedia of Life @ https://eol.org/pages/328097/media (specific EOL image URL @ https://eol.org/media/8875351)

parc animalier des Pyrénées, Argelès-Gazost, Hautes-Pyrénées, France: Père Igor, CC BY SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Genette_Argelès-Gazost_parc_animalier_(1).JPG

SVG conversion by Phlegmatic (original raster image by Neill Ziemer): Phlegmatic, CC BY 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Feliform_Timeline.svg

Miombo genet's name derives from miombo ecosystem, with Brachystegia genus, known locally as miombo tree, as dominant tree.: Xesko, CC BY SA 2.5, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Genetta_angolensis.jpg

Nkhotaka Game Reserve, central Malawi: Geoff Gallice from Gainesville, FL, USA, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Flickr_-_ggallice_-_Miombo_woodland_(1).jpg

Namituru village, Namuno district, northern Mozambique: Ton Rulkens (tonrulkens), CC BY-SA 2.0, via Flickr @ https://www.flickr.com/photos/47108884@N07/9848624945/

Monte Ribáuè, northeastern Mozambique: Ton Rulkens from Mozambique, CC BY SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cryptosepalum_maraviense_-_Ribaue_(9798737006).jpg

"Stunning views when driving from Lubango to Namibe in the South of Angola at Serra da Leba.": Erik Cleves Kristensen, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons @ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lubango-Namibe_landscape.jpg; via Flickr @ https://www.flickr.com/photos/44504567@N00/134048559/

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